Apr 14, 2011 . The new law will make it very difficult to bring new drugs to market . . their pricing

the average market price measure (4). Urbany, Bearden, and Weilbaker (10)

Mind of Marketing, "How your pricing and marketing strategy should be

Mar 11, 2011 . Key policies, like external price referencing and reference price systems, .

Feb 21, 2010 . Marketers can convince the buyers to purchase their product or service by

Buyer's internal reference price. In the marketing literature, reference prices are

The reference price can be enforced rigidly as a condition to either authorise the

marketing is that consumers respond to price relative to some standard of

market segmentation between rich and poor countries if consumers in rich

as proxies for internal reference prices. To decrease the possibility that bias will

“comparable” product(s) in the same market. Specifically, reference price

Reference prices in retail advertisements: moderating effects of market price

Network externalities, reference prices effects and the dynamic .

nomic theory of consumer choice, and examines the effects of reference price

Market access: China and international reference pricing. Posted by Cyrus

Apr 11, 2002 . Reference pricing, a phenomenon of interest to marketing scholars and

In the concluding section, the authors discuss the managerial impli- cations of

Aug 13, 2010 . For example, some companies adjust their prices depending on the “reference

THE PRICE COMPARISON PROCESS. Internal Reference Price Versus

consistent and significant impact on consumer choice. 2.2. Effects of internal and

Martin Spann, professor of marketing and innovation, School of Business and .

National price control authorities may use a combination of these approaches to

Two types of reference pricing are used in Hungary. 1. Under the fixed

Based on these findings, we measure consumers' perceptions of "normal market

encode brand price (Briesch et al. 1997). Although some researchers argue that

I. TNTRODUCTION. This paper incorporates the concept of reference price in an

The purpose of this paper is to argue that there is now sufficient empirical

REFERENCE PRICING OF PHARMACEUTICALS. Abstract. We consider a

cap regulation and reference pricing (RP) S on competition and pharmaceutical

These include direct and indirect price controls, profit controls, reference pricing,

Kopalle, Praveen K., Ambar G. Rao, and João L. Assunção (1996), "Asymmetric

TERMS OF REFERENCE. COMPOST MARKET DEMAND AND PRICING

setting ambitious targets for future performance;. − progressively moving away

Usually. (but not always), we use the “average product” as the reference. We start

Jan 12, 2012 . Reference pricing studies in marketing: A synthesis of research results. Author

The authors review how part of the Slovenian pharmaceutical market was

Jan 1, 2011 . A third general result is that generic market shares significantly increased

Our results hold under very general reference dependent demand models.

A common use of reference pricing occurs when sale prices are compared to

Manoj Thomas and Geeta Menon. Executive Summary A fundamental

Apr 4, 2008 . People often compare a product's price to a “reference price” that they . of the

(1993) Biswas et al. Journal of Business Research. Read by researchers in: 50%

by relying on the reference price ad ratber than locating the item at a competitor

Sep 6, 2010 . Decoys, in marketing, are products, services, or price points that a business

Definition of reference pricing: Strategy in which a product is sold at a price just

KEYWORDS. Demand Analysis, Global Launch, Health Outcomes,. Market

Mind of Marketing, "How your pricing and marketing strategy should be

Various internal reference prices have been discussed in the literature, including

difference in prices among equivalent drugs, and (3) more important is the actual

Marketers often try to influence people's price perceptions through the use of

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